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CONTENTS <br />Introduction <br />What Are Small Wind Turbines?...................................................... <br />2 <br />How Are They Used?...................................................................... <br />3 <br />What -Can Neighbors and the Community Expect? ............................... <br />3 <br />Responsibilities of Turbine Owners ................................................... <br />3 <br />The "Power" of Good Zoning <br />Precedent: Commonplace or "Bleeding Edge"? .................................. <br />4 <br />Why Zone for Small Wind Systems? ................................................. <br />4 <br />The Importance of Height <br />Why Do They Need To Be Tall? ........................................................ <br />6 <br />Issues <br />1. Setback Distances and Height . ... ............................ .............. ... <br />8 <br />2. Lot Size ........................................................ 9 <br />3. Aesthetics ..................... ............................................ <br />10 <br />4. Sound .......................................... .. .............................. <br />11 <br />5. Property Values..................................................................... <br />13 <br />6. Insurance............................................................................. <br />13 <br />7. Abandonment....................................................................... <br />13 <br />8. Multiple Turbines ............ .............................. <br />14 <br />9. Urban and Building -Integrated Installations ........... I ... I .............. <br />14 <br />10. Potential of Structural or Electrical Failure ................................. <br />15 <br />11. Soil Studies .... ...............................................:............... <br />16 <br />Non-Issues/"Red Herrings" <br />i. Shadow "Flicker".................................................................... <br />17 <br />ii. Fences/Attractive Nuisance....................................................... <br />18 <br />iii. Birds...................................................................:................ <br />19 <br />iv. "Icing" ........... ....................................................................... <br />19 <br />v.' Electrical Signal Interference................................................... <br />20 <br />vi. Lightning Strikes ................................. ......... .................... I..... <br />20 <br />vii. Stray Voltage............................................................. ........... <br />21 <br />Making It Happen: Best Practices and a Model ordinance <br />Permitted use? Accessory use? or Conditional use? ........................... <br />22 <br />Recommendations <br />For State and Local Governments ......................................... <br />23 <br />Specifically for Local Governments ................. .. <br />24 <br />Specifically for State Governments ...................................... <br />25 <br />Permitting Process: Time & Cost ........: <br />Conclusion........................................................ ......................... . <br />27 <br />Contributing and Additional Resources ............................................... <br />28 <br />Appendix: AWEA Model Zoning Ordinance ........................................... <br />30 <br />