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6/24/75 APPENDIX 1. VARIABLES IN DESIGN AC 150/5300-4B Appendix 1 1. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES. The design of an airport component is affected by numerous independent variables. For example, an increase or decrease in temperature has the effect of increasing or decreasing, respectively, the runway length required for a particular airplane at a given site under constant conditions of wind and pressure. One can determine how much the required runway length changes with a unit change in the temperature and one can also determine statistically the number of times these changes occur. 2. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS. A runway length provided to account for all variables at their critical condition; i.e., that condition which has the greatest effect on the runway length, would be excessive except when all critical conditions occur simultaneously. Accordingly, the cost of a runway so constructed would be prohibitive. Thus, a facility size less than maximum is acceptable since the likelihood of all critical conditions occurring at the same time is relatively slight. In general, the design procedures should determine the probability of the combined effect of the variables by statistical analysis. Use the result in conjunction with practical considerations in deciding the magnitude of the airport component to be designed. 3. OPTIMUM SIZE FACILITIES. In any event, the establishment of optimum size facilitiesshould be done on the basis of an optimum ratio of costs expended to benefits gained. 4. ACCEPTABLE VARIANCE. For purposes of conciseness and brevity, it is considered appropriate here to list the individual airport components and state the variance that is considered acceptable, rather than the factors studied in each analysis. The following table has been pre- pared for this purpose. Par 1 Page 1