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NOTE 2 — DEPOSITS AND INVESTMENTS (CONTINUED) <br />C. Investments (continued) <br />Investments are subject to various risks, the following of which are considered the most significant: <br />Custodial credit risk — For investments, this is the risk that in the event of a failure of the <br />counterparty to an investment transaction (typically a broker - dealer) the City would not be able to <br />recover the value of its investments or collateral securities that are in the possession of an outside <br />party. The City does not have a formal investment policy addressing this risk, but typically limits its <br />exposure by purchasing insured or registered investments, or by the control of who holds the <br />securities. <br />Credit risk — This is the risk that an issuer or other counterparty to an investment will not fulfill its <br />obligations. Minnesota Statutes limit the City's investments to direct obligations or obligations <br />guaranteed by the United States or its agencies; general obligations rated "A" or better; revenue <br />obligations rated "AA" or better; general obligations of the Minnesota Housing Finance Agency rated <br />"A" or better; commercial paper issued by the United States corporations or their Canadian <br />subsidiaries, rated of the highest quality category by at least two nationally recognized rating <br />agencies, and maturing in 270 days or less; time deposits that are fully insured by the Federal Deposit <br />Insurance Corporation or bankers acceptances of the United States banks and Guaranteed Investment <br />Contracts guaranteed by a United States commercial bank or domestic branch of a foreign bank, or a <br />United States insurance company, or their Canadian subsidiary, and with a credit quality in one of the <br />top two highest categories by a nationally recognized rating agency. The City's investment policies <br />do not further address credit risk. <br />Concentration risk — This is the risk associated with investing a significant portion of the City's <br />investment (considered 5 percent or more) in the securities of a single issuer, excluding United States <br />guaranteed investments (such as Treasuries), investment pools and mutual funds. The City's <br />investment policies do not limit the concentration of investments. At year end, the City's investment <br />portfolio included 12.2% concentration in Fannie Maes, 19.4% in Freddie Mac's and 13.8% in <br />Federal Home Loan Bank notes and 11.3% in Federal Farm Credit Banks. <br />Interest rate risk — This is the risk of potential variability in the fair value of fixed rate investments <br />resulting from changes in interest rates (the longer the period for which an interest rate is fixed, the <br />greater the risk). The City does not have an investment policy limiting the duration of investments. <br />