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412 R~ES OF ORDE~ ~44. <br /> <br /> After completion of afl election or balloting on a <br />motion, if there is no possibility that the assembly may <br />order a recount (which reqhires a majority vote unless a <br />special rule permits a lesserlnumber to do so), the ballots <br />can be ordered to be destroj~ed or to be filed for a certain <br />length of time with the secrdtary (such as a month) before <br />being destroyed.· <br /> <br /> MACHINE VOTING. The ~voting process has been con- <br />siderably changed in manyiorganizations--especially in <br />those comprising hundreds[of voters--by the use of vot- <br />ing machines in place of l?aper ballots. Where voting <br />machines are to be used, the[following considerations are <br />important: ~ <br /> <br />· Preparations for thc election should be made in con- <br /> sultation with the person[in charge of installing the <br /> machines, so that all adjustments required by the par- <br /> ticular conditions of the ~.lection can be provided for. <br />· Persons who are to atten~ the machines during vot- <br /> ing must be carefully instlmcted in their duties, and <br /> must be able to explain tile use of the machines to <br /> voters. <br />· If there are likely to be many voters who have never <br /> used the machines, it ma~/be advisable to have a <br /> machine available for the ;voters' inspection on a day <br /> previous to the election. <br /> <br /> ROLL CALL VOTE. Taking a vote by roll call (or byyeas <br />andnays, as it is also called) hj~s the effect of placing on the <br />record how each member or, lsometimes, each delegation, <br />votes; therefore, it has exadtly the opposite effect of a <br />ballot vote. It ts usually confilned to representanve bo&es, <br />where the proceedings arc ptiblishcd, since it enables con- <br /> <br /> fi4d-. VOTING PROCEDUKE 413 <br /> <br /> stitucnts to know how their representatives voted on cer- <br /> tain measures. It should not be used in a mass meeting or <br /> in any assembly whose members arc not responsible to a <br /> constituency. <br /> Ord~ng a roll call vote. In a representative body, if <br />there is no legal or constitutional provision specifying thc <br />size of the minority that can order a roll call vote, thc body <br />should adopt a rule fixing the size of such a minority--for <br />example, 0~fifth of those pre~eng as in Congress, or some <br />other portion of those present that is less than a majority. <br />In thc absence of such a special rule, a maiority vote is <br />required to order thc taking ora vote by roll call--in which <br />case a motion to do so is likely to be useless, since its <br />purpose is to force the majority to go on record. In local <br />societies having a large membership but relatively small <br />attendance at meetings, a motion to take a vote by roll call <br />is generally dilatory. It is in order, as one of the Motions <br />Relating to Methods of Voting, however, to move "that a <br />signed ballot be taken by tellers" on which the voter writes <br />"yes" or "no" and signs the slip of paper. The votes can be <br />recorded in the minutes just as a roll call would be, but the <br />names of all members need not be called. A roll call vote <br />cannot be ordered in committee of the whole. <br /> Procedure for roll cMlvote. When a vote is to be taken by <br />roll call (see 30 for the motion), the chair puts the ques- <br />tion in a form like the following: <br /> C/4A~m As many as arc in favor of the adoption ~fthe reso- <br />lutiofi will, as their names arc called, answer aye [or "yes," or <br />"yea"]; those opposed will answer no [or "nay"]. Thc Secretary <br />[or "the Clerk"] will call the roll. <br /> <br />~' The roll is called in alphabetical order except that the <br />i[~'"presiding officer's name is called last, and only when his <br /> <br /> <br />