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interim zones, holding zones, or growth reserve zones, but they
<br />are also sometimes called transitional zones, urban reserve
<br />districts, and deferred development districts.
<br /> Interim Zones. These zones have the shortest life and usually
<br />impose development moratoria until all the planning activities
<br />associated with an annexation proceeding can be accomplished.
<br />This may include the annexation study itself, the land-use plan,
<br />or the development of procedures for development review once
<br />the interim has expired. Typically, an interim zone becomes a
<br />holding zone after six to t8 months if the annexation has not
<br />yet become effective. Interim zones have been fhallenged on the
<br />basis of short-term takings, however.
<br />
<br />Berri, Brett W., "Annexation and Municipal Voting Rights.,
<br />. Washington University Journal of Urban ~and Contemporary
<br /> Law, Vol. 35, (S ~u~, ,met.1989), pp. 237-248: i .~~ '~" ~5 '. '._'..
<br />Burldiart, Lbri ~,: Munlclpal AnneXatloni'AhUpdaie on
<br />
<br />· Isiues'and Controversies." PubBe UtiBtie. s Formightly.,-
<br /> Vol. 127, no. 9(Mayl, 1991),p. 47.:. ' ~:.-
<br />Bushnell, DarcyS., Deann~exatton:AProposed
<br /> Statute, New Mexico Law Revtew, Vol. 20, no. 3.
<br /> i(Summer 1990), pp. 713-736~: ":/.' . 'f'-.:":'
<br />Johnson, Gary T.,' "Ta~-sharing as an Alternative .to
<br /> Annexation: A Virginia'Case Study," Urban Lawand
<br />. PoliCY, V01.7, nod 3 (Sept, 1985), ppi 243-254. '..
<br />Reynolds, Laurie, Rethinking Municipal Annexation
<br /> ' Pi~wers',' The' urban Lawyer, Vol. 24; no.'2 (Spring ~..
<br /> 1992), pp. 247-30.' "' ' · . ..
<br />
<br /> Holding Zones. Municipalities establish zones to hold
<br />development to a minimum until they have adopted plans
<br />for capital facilities and zoning. Holding zones usually have
<br />a shorter lifetime than growth reserve zones, with the
<br />presumption that development is going to occur within the
<br />near future. A city may assign the holding zone its most
<br />restrictive, least intensive zoning classification. But this
<br />method may result in scattered development density later
<br />on, once the permanent zoning classifications are applied
<br />pursuant to annexation. Another alternative is simply to
<br />assign the zoning code of the adjacent incorporated land,
<br />but this may not always be appropriate.
<br /> Regardless of which zoning classification is ultimately
<br />a~signed, the most prudent but [abor-intenslve treatment of
<br />preannexatlon land is offered by Charles Reed, editor of The
<br />
<br />ZonlngNewt is a monthly newsletter published by the American Planning Association.
<br />Subscriptions are available for $45 (U.S.) and $54 (foreign).
<br />Michael B. Barker, Executive Director; Frank S. So, Deputy Executive Director;
<br />William R. Klein, Director of Research. -
<br />ZonlngNew~ is produced at APA. Jim Schwab, Editor; Michael Bartette, Dan Biver,
<br />Sarah Bohlen, Fay Dolnick, Michelle Gregory, Sanjay Jeer, Beth McGuire, Marya
<br />Morris, David Smith, RepottersI Cynthia Cheski, Assistant Editor; Lisa Barton,
<br />Design and Production.
<br />Copyright ©1995 by American Planning Association, 1313 E. 60th St., Chicago, IL
<br />60637. The American Planning ,Msociation has headquarters offices at 1776
<br />Massachusetts Ave., N.W, Washington, DC 20036.
<br />All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
<br />form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording,
<br />or by any information storage and retrieval system, wlthou~ permission in wtlting
<br />from the American Planning Association.
<br />Printed on recycled paper, including 50-70% recycled fiber
<br />and 10% postconsumer waste. ~
<br />
<br />Zoning Report. He suggests, in the October 1990 issue, that
<br />planners include a provision in their holding zone that requires
<br />a full inventory of the land and structures in the holding zone
<br />prior to the effective date of annexation. In this way, the legal
<br />aatus of each existing use and structure according to the prior
<br />applicable regulations (usually that of the unincorporated
<br />township or county) is ascertained and tested against the new
<br />municipal zoning, whatever that may be. With this approach,
<br />the degree to which a use or structure already is or eventually
<br />will be "nonconforming" may be determined as early as
<br />possible. Owners can then be notified properly, giving them the
<br />most time possible either to bring their property into
<br />conformity or to appeal.
<br /> Growth Reserve Zones. These are vacant areas, usually larger
<br />in area than holding zones. They often surround the holding
<br />zone and are intended to reserve the outer limits of the territory
<br />to be annexed for long-term growth needs. The growth reserve
<br />zone is frequently the result of negotiated agreements between
<br />unincorporated counties or townships and the municipality. Its
<br />immediate function is to reduce the level of competition among
<br />municipalities and the resulting manipulation by developers
<br />seeking to negotiate the best deal. Uses allowed in these zones
<br />are usually limited to agriculture or forestry, For more details
<br />on the standards and practices for extraterritorial zones, consult
<br />the article by Reed.
<br />
<br />The Annexation Agreement
<br />The annexation agreement is a binding contractual
<br />agreement that serves to protect the interests of all parties,
<br />private and public. Agreements are mandatory in some
<br />states, but they are highly recommended in any case. They
<br />can be negotiated at any point prior to the annexation but
<br />generally take effect at the same time. Agreements are
<br />primarily used to assure that the agreed services are provided,
<br />but they can also be used to secure specific zoning
<br />classifications, historic preservation efforts, design standards,
<br />and environmental responsibility.
<br />
<br />Downtown: A Vision
<br />for the i=utore
<br /> Village of Glenview, 1225 Waukegan Road, Glenview, IL 60025.
<br />June 17, 1994. 50pp. Free.
<br /> Glenview is an affluent suburb north of Chicago that faces
<br />near-term challenges concerning potential private reuse of much
<br />of the Glenview Naval Air Station. This document examines
<br />the future of the downtown, its economic vitality, traffic
<br />patterns, and needed zoning adaptations.
<br />
<br />Design Review
<br />Board Handbook
<br />
<br />Planning Department, Town of Amherst, Town Halt, 4 Boltwood
<br />Ave., Amherst, MA 01002. Aug~tst IRR4. 2~ pp. $2.50plus $1
<br />postage.
<br /> This simple booklet aims to let property owners know what
<br />to expect from Amherst's design review board. This college
<br />town adopted design riview as part of its zoning ordinance in
<br />1983. This current manual is a revision of the handbook.
<br />
<br />
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