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<br />❑ Is there a sustainable water supply for the proposed use?
<br />❑ Has the permitting agency (e.g., State Engineer's Office)
<br />provided written confirmation that the applicant owns
<br />sufficient water rights Inc the proposed development?
<br />❑ Does the landscaping plan include appropriate water
<br />conseivation easures?
<br />❑ Are mthere opportunities for recycling or reuse of water
<br />and wastewater generated by the project?
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<br />Air Quality
<br />❑ From an air quality perspective, is the proposed use
<br />compatible with adjacent uses?
<br />❑ Will the proposed use emit air pollutants? Does it
<br />require an emissions permit?
<br />❑ Are fugitive dust emissions a potential problem?
<br />During construction? Post -construction? What mitigation
<br />measures should be taken?
<br />❑ Will the project be served by paved roads? It not, is
<br />paving recommended?
<br />❑ Does the proposed use generate odors?
<br />If the project wtll emit air pollutants or odors, what
<br />measures should be employed to eliminate or mitigate
<br />the emissions?
<br />❑ As the project develops, will there be adequate transpor-
<br />tation infrastructure in place to absorb the volume of
<br />traffic generated by the project without degrading air
<br />quality?
<br />❑ In the project designed to reduce vehicle emissions? E.g.
<br />grid layout or non -circuitous street system, internal and
<br />external connectivity, mixed uses
<br />❑ Is the project designed to offer and encourage the use of
<br />travel choices in addition to the automobile? E.g ,
<br />Transit -friendly design, bike/pedestrian trails, etc.
<br />❑ Is the project itt close proximity to cell towers, power
<br />lines nr other uses that emit potentially harmful electro-
<br />magnetic radiation?
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<br />Opportunities for Physical Fitness
<br />❑ Are open spaces and nails included to pi ovide regular
<br />opportunity tot physical activit ies such as walking and
<br />hiking?
<br />❑ Are communities built with mixed -use commercial and
<br />residential purposes, and with sidewalks so that people
<br />t walk to movies, testauiants, and so on?
<br />❑ Are schools built within communities so that young people
<br />can walk to school?
<br />❑ Are sidewalks wide enough for nmlitiple uses (e.g., bikes
<br />and walkers)?
<br />❑ Is lighting placed along trails and sidewalks to increase
<br />the comfort level of those using them?
<br />❑ Is there park space and equipment for children to play
<br />with?
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<br />Transportation and Injury
<br />Prevention
<br />❑ It the proposed use involves significant truck uaffrc, does
<br />the site plan provide adequate room for hunk turnarounds
<br />and safe buck access and egress, relative to neighboring
<br />developments?
<br />0 Does the proposed project include safe routes to school
<br />with a minimum of street crossings and high visibility far
<br />children walking to school?
<br />0 Does the proposed plan include pedestrian signals and
<br />mid -street islands on busy streets, and presence of bicycle
<br />lanes and trails?
<br />❑ Does the project include trafffc quieting road designs in
<br />both subdivisions and shopping districts?
<br />❑ Does the project provide adequate neighborhood access
<br />to public transportation?
<br />❑ Does the proposed project include ramps, depressed
<br />curbs or periodic breaks in curbs that act as tamps for
<br />people with disabilities?
<br />❑ Does the ptopnsed project include voice/audio or visual
<br />dues provided at crosswalks and transit steps?
<br />❑ Does the project comply with ADA requirements for
<br />design of crib ramps, cross slopes and detectible
<br />warnings for new construction of retrofit projects?
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<br />that unlike ElAs, which are seen as largely
<br />quantitative, HIAs are largely qualitative in
<br />nature. Because they may differ substantially
<br />in both the scope of impacts analyzed and
<br />the implementation process of the assess-
<br />ments themselves, combining the two as-
<br />sessments in a single document may prove to
<br />be difficult. Further, due to the nature of the
<br />factors assessed, the qualitative modeling
<br />of some HIA outcomes may be more difficult•
<br />than modeling of EIA outcomes.
<br />However, some level of integration of
<br />HIA into a required EIA may result in important
<br />and significant benefits. As discussed below,
<br />the San Francisco Department of Public Health
<br />found that, after sustained HIA efforts to inte-
<br />grate analysis of health outcomes in land -use
<br />decision making, several "complementary
<br />edaa 431eaH (OD) keno
<br />strategies" began to evolve. These strategies
<br />included integrating some analysis of health
<br />impacts in EIAs required by the California Envi-
<br />ronmental Quality Act, building a dialogue on
<br />the relationship between land use and public
<br />health, and promoting official health agency po-
<br />sitions on urban policy planning questions. The
<br />Department of City Planning began to request
<br />analysis of public health concerns for specific
<br />planning questions. In fact, the efforts in San
<br />Francisco "suggest that HIA can significantly
<br />influence urban land use policy" (Bhatia 2005).
<br />The Red Line Transit Project HIA in
<br />Baltimore was designed to evaluate the
<br />significant impacts to the geography, health,
<br />and social environment of the communi-
<br />ties that would be affected by a proposed
<br />new light -rail line. A Draft Environmental
<br />Impact Statement (DEIS) for the project was
<br />released and detailed how construction and
<br />implementation of the project might affect
<br />the environment, including air, water, noise,
<br />and traffic volume. However, it did not iden-
<br />tify how these factors would impact commu-
<br />nity health through changes to the built en-
<br />vironment. Also, although the DEIS enabled
<br />informed choices to be made about the best
<br />location for the Red Line and did illustrate
<br />some of the health outcomes for each of
<br />the transit options, it did not "emphasize
<br />human -centric design options." Accordingly,
<br />the City Department of Transportation, with
<br />assistance from the City Health Depart-
<br />ment, initiated efforts to complete the HIA
<br />to "more fully explore how the Red Line will
<br />impact health and examine the potential
<br />to improve the quality of life in Baltimore."
<br />The authors of the Red Line HIA reiterated
<br />that the HIA would serve "as a comment to
<br />and supplemental analysis of the DEIS and
<br />identif[y] where the DEIS could have gone
<br />further to assess health impacts."
<br />HOW HIAs ARE USED
<br />While the type of policy, plan, or project eval-
<br />uated under an HIA can vary, a number of the
<br />HIAs recently conducted in the U.S. have ana-
<br />lyzed either changes to zoning ordinances or
<br />comprehensive plans, such as the TransForm
<br />Baltimore HIA, or have evaluated the specific
<br />health outcomes of redevelopment projects,
<br />such as the Jack London Gateway HIA.
<br />Recently, an HIA was conducted to
<br />evaluate a proposed plan for development
<br />in El Cerrito and Richmond, California, to
<br />analyze the possible inclusion of affordable
<br />housing sites with other land uses. Prior to
<br />the completion of the HIA, land -use plan-
<br />ning agencies had not determined specific
<br />sites for affordable housing nor the percent-
<br />age and type of affordable housing at any
<br />site. Urban Habitat, an organization that
<br />advocates for social, economic, and environ-
<br />mental justice in the Bay Area, asked Human
<br />Impact Partners to assess health benefits
<br />and liabilities associated with three sites
<br />they proposed to include in their campaign
<br />for affordable housing. Following the release
<br />of the HIA, a letter from the participants to
<br />the city council and city staff discussed the
<br />health -based recommendations, and inclu-
<br />sion of affordable housing sites is now being
<br />considered.
<br />In San Francisco, the Department of
<br />Public Health undertook the Eastern Neigh-
<br />borhoods Community Health Impact As-
<br />sessment (ENCHIA) project to explicitly un-
<br />ZONINGPRACTICE 10.11
<br />AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION j page 4
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