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drilling new wells in an area where arsenic is not present, or constructing a <br />treatment facility capable of removing the arsenic. <br />Traditional iron and manganese filter facilities are capable of removing arsenic in <br />most waters. Thus, if treatment for arsenic is required, a water filtration facility <br />will remove the arsenic while also removing the nuisance iron and manganese. <br />4. Water Supply Infrastructure Needs <br />It is anticipated that the existing Ramsey water supply system will need to be <br />expanded to meet future water demands. If the City continues to plan on utilizing <br />groundwater sources, new wells will be required to meet water demand during the <br />design period. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources staff has indicated <br />that future well construction will need to be coordinated with the overall water <br />use of the area. Consideration of use of surface water sources, such as the <br />Mississippi River, will need to be addressed. This is discussed in further detail in <br />Section 4 - Water Supply and Treatment. <br />C. WATER TREATMENT <br />1. Existing Water Treatment Facilities <br />Water treatment for the City of Ramsey consists of chlorination, fluoridation and <br />polyphosphate addition at each pump house. Chlorine is added as a preventive <br />measure. Chlorine acts as a disinfectant, and works to prevent the growth of <br />harmful bacteria within the distribution system should contamination occur. <br />Fluoride is added for the purpose of reducing tooth decay as prescribed by the <br />State of Minnesota. The addition of polyphosphates accomplishes two things. <br />Primarily, polyphosphates prevent the iron in the water from precipitation causing <br />staining problems. However, they do not remove iron and manganese from the <br />water. Therefore, they are not as effective in preventing iron and manganese <br />staining. Secondary, polyphosphates reduce the corrosion potential of the water, <br />thus prolonging the life of copper pipes in homes. <br />City of Ramsey, Minnesota — R13.104504 Page 3-4 <br />Comprehensive Water System Study Prepared by Bolton & Menk, Inc. <br />