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5. Allowance for Credit Losses <br />The allowance for credit losses reflects management's estimate of credit losses inherent in the loan <br />and lease portfolio and reserve for unfunded lending commitments. We consider the allowance for credit <br />losses of $893.9 million at the end of 2011 to be adequate to cover such losses. Changes in the allowance <br />for credit losses were: <br />(dollars in thousands) <br />December 31, <br />2011 2010 <br />Balance at beginning of year $1,059,017 $1,220,661 <br />Provision for credit losses 319,865 512,782 <br />Charge -offs: <br />Commercial: <br />Commercial and industrial (64,809) (132,851) <br />Commercial real estate (194,336) (117,840) <br />Construction (46,043) (66,581) <br />Equipment leases (30,737) (52,818) <br />Agriculture (8,703) (69,769) <br />Total commercial' <br />Consumer: <br />Installments and lines <br />Residential secured - closed -end <br />Residential secured - revolving, open-end <br />Total consumer <br />(344,628) (439,859) <br />(157,169) (211,568) <br />(80,827) (93,950) <br />(25,491) (27,277) <br />(263,487) (332,795) <br />Total charge -offs (608,115) (772,654) <br />Recoveries: <br />Commercial: <br />Commercial and industrial 19,800 20,054 <br />Commercial real estate 22,519 9,821 <br />Construction 22,108 12,649 <br />Equipment leases 14,346 14,117 <br />Agriculture 4,419 2,281 <br />Total commercial 83,192 58,922 <br />Consumer: <br />Installments and lines 28,768 32,006 <br />Residential secured - closed -end 9,622 6,023 <br />Residential secured - revolving, open-end 1,598 1,277 <br />Total consumer 39,988 39,306 <br />Total recoveries 123,180 98,228 <br />Net charge -offs (484,935) (674,426) <br />Balance at end of year $ 893,947 $1,059,017 <br />Components: <br />Allocated Loan and Leases $ 775,188 $ 966,400 <br />Unallocated Loan and Leases 95,000 92,617 <br />Total Allowance for Loans and Leases 870,188 1,059,017 <br />Reserve for Unfunded Commitments 23,759 - <br />Allowance for Credit Losses $ 893,947 $1,059,017 <br />") Includes $143.4 million of charge -offs due to loans transferred to HFS. <br />-26- <br />20 i 1 Bank of the West Annual Report <br />