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ifr jolldw the links d the Ask the,Agth©trsog <br />rs subhirt j our question g out the of i e <br />heauthar will regl ztrl Zoning Practice girl <br />utmiulatively on the *re for <br />attire will tie avarlab!e farselectedissues rfZdnmgPractice <br />tarinounced tortes gjter each airline discussion is closed, the <br />mswers il! bes ved rn an online grcF a avc(ilable4thraugtnthe_, <br />affect savings indirectly by improving <br />multimodal transportation systems, <br />facilitating mixed use development, <br />and promoting local food production. <br />Regulations that save energy are too <br />numerous to discuss in full here, so the <br />following are the "Top Nine Ways to Power <br />Down Your Zoning Code." <br />i. Get Smart with Lighting <br />The low -hanging fruit of energy efficiency <br />is lighting. The amount of electricity used <br />for exterior lighting can be greatly reduced <br />by simply directing the light where needed <br />and by matching the lighting intensity to the <br />need. <br />The most common zoning provisions <br />related to lighting aim to minimize light <br />spill onto adjacent properties by requiring <br />that light is focused downward or "cut off." <br />Codes may also specify a height limit for <br />light poles and set light intensity levels <br />at property lines. Many communities also <br />set minimum light levels for safety and <br />maximum light levels to reduce excessive <br />light. For an example of common energy - <br />saving outdoor lighting provisions, see <br />§9-5A-6 of Lemoore, California's zoning <br />code. <br />To maximize energy efficiency gains, <br />communities may consider additional <br />measures such as provisions that encourage <br />or require energy -efficient light fixtures or <br />smart lighting technology (e.g., sensors <br />and timers ensuring that lights only turn on <br />when needed). <br />Some jurisdictions have adopted <br />strict limits on outdoor lighting levels in <br />order to protect astrological observations. <br />For example, Tucson, Arizona, includes <br />strict shielding and curfew requirements <br />in its Outdoor Lighting Code and sets a <br />off e�i S Be sur ger �t#cP ►s a praje manager fof PI IC rr urCza r <br />fariningandkdesrgri firm w tj of icest roughoutCalifornia FCe <br />a specialized workexperierice fe to#o sustainable gnrr <br />ncl deve lopmen tcodes and other plandrng implementation <br />faredpzea,nngtscoBmocuineepiwni gel reh(apslpworked ndiIg hojruritnsaccetisdservreiliopsmtateenst, <br />sysion_pians,(naseanasnsoanidesign guideline <br />documents He holds a l achelor's$degtee hi architecture from <br />he UniversiW ofArrzona ands masters degree in urban planning <br />rom the UriiversitaPii atUrbana Champaign <br />maximum light budget (in lumens) for <br />every acre of land, based on proximity to <br />the Kitt Peak Observatory and other factors. <br />However, the code does allow for higher <br />light levels for special circumstances <br />(e.g., a limited exemption for athletic <br />fields). <br />PMC <br />25' height limit for <br />freestanding outdoor <br />light fixtures on <br />industrial property. <br />20'height limit for <br />fixtures on all other <br />non-residential <br />property. <br />Non-residential <br />estimated to account for 19 percent of the <br />total electricity consumed (much of it for <br />agricultural purposes). Nationwide, four <br />percent of electricity goes to this purpose <br />(NRDC 2009). <br />Codes can play an important role in <br />water conservation. For example, some <br />15' height limit <br />for freestanding <br />outdoor light <br />fixtures on <br />non-residential <br />property abutting <br />residential <br />property. <br />Residential <br />Q Outdoor lighting provisions that limit fixture height and require shielding help to <br />minimize wasteful light spill. <br />2. Avoid Moving Water Around <br />Providing households with safe drinking <br />water and wastewater disposal is an energy - <br />intensive process, and this can translate <br />into unnecessary expense at wastewater <br />and water treatment facilities. Reducing <br />water consumption saves energy because <br />less water needs to be treated and pumped <br />to end users. In California the water sector <br />is the largest energy user in the state, <br />municipal codes may still require that <br />building storm gutters be connected <br />directly into underground storm -sewer <br />pipes. Modern zoning codes now include <br />requirements or incentives for Low Impact <br />Development (LID) techniques to reduce <br />the amount of stormwater runoff. These <br />techniques include drainage swales planted <br />with native species and rain gutters that <br />flow into landscaped areas (instead of <br />ZONINGPRACTICE 12.12 <br />AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION [page 3 <br />