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transportation safety, reduced damages from emissions of greenhouse <br /> gases and criteria air pollutants, and savings in maintenance costs to public <br /> agencies. Applicants should submit a BCA in support of each project for <br /> which they seek funding that quantifies each of these benefits, provides <br /> monetary estimates of their economic value, and compares the properly- <br /> discounted present values of these benefits to the project's estimated <br /> costs. Where applicants cannot adequately monetize benefits, they are <br /> urged to identify non-monetary measures for other categories of benefits <br /> (examples below)to assist the Department in making cost-effectiveness <br /> and other determinations about projects. <br /> Many projects are likely to generate other categories of benefits <br /> that are more difficult to quantify and value in economic terms, but are <br /> nevertheless important considerations in determining whether a proposed <br /> project is cost-effective. These may include impacts such as improving <br /> the reliability of passenger travel times or freight deliveries, improvements <br /> to the existing human and natural environments surrounding the project, <br /> increased connectivity, access, and mobility, benefits to public health, <br /> stormwater runoff mitigation, and noise reduction. Applicants should <br /> identify each category of impact or benefits that is not already included in <br /> the estimated dollar value of their project's benefits (as described above), <br /> and wherever possible provide numerical estimates of the magnitude and <br /> timing of each of these additional impacts. <br /> Page 25 of 48 <br />