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development is projected to be similar to existing land use. Thus, historical water use <br />will be utilized to project future water demands. <br />Key concepts used developing water use projections are as follows: <br />1. Residential water use will be projected to be 90 gallons per capita per day (gpcd). <br />This will represent 60% of the total water use in the system. Conservation <br />measures have been implemented with the intent to achieve this level of water <br />demand. <br />2. Commercial water use will be 35% of the total system use. This is equivalent to <br />53 gpcd. <br />3. Other water use will be approximately 4% of the total water use. Conservation <br />measures have been implemented, including the adoption of water conservation <br />rates and the requirement for new development to install 4-inches of MnDOT <br />premium soil to reduce infiltration of irrigation water. This is equivalent to 6 <br />gpcd. <br />4. Unaccounted water will represent 1 % of the total water use. This value is well <br />within the range of acceptable unaccounted water use values according to the <br />American Water Works Association. This is equivalent to 1 gpcd. <br />5. Total gross water use is projected to be 150 gpcd. <br />6. Peaking day water usage is calculated using a peaking factor, which is a ratio of <br />the expected peak day flow over average day flow. Recent history indicates that <br />the peak day to average day ratio has been decreasing over the past 9 years. A <br />peaking factor of 3.0 would typically be utilized for long-term projections of a <br />system of the size of Ramsey's. This peaking factor is representative of the ratio <br />over the past 4 years, and will be utilized for future projections. <br />Figure ES.1 provides a summary of the projected average and maximum day water usage <br />for the planning period. <br />C. EXISTING FACILITIES <br />Existing facilities include water supply, treatment, storage and distribution facilities. <br />Infrastructure needs for each of these functional categories is as follows: <br />City of Ramsey, Minnesota — R13.104504 Page 2 <br />Comprehensive Water System Study Prepared by Bolton & Menk, Inc. <br />