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Delphinium virescens <br />Prairie larkspur <br />Summer <br />Ratibida pinnata <br />Gray -headed coneflower <br />Summer <br />XX <br />Thalictrum dasycarpum <br />Tall meadow rue <br />Summer <br />Veronicastrum virginicum <br />Culver's root <br />Summer <br />X <br />Agastache foeniculum <br />Blue giant hyssop <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Artemisia ludoviciana <br />Prairie sage <br />Summer/Fall <br />Asclepias tuberosa <br />Butterflyweed <br />Summer/Fall <br />X <br />Asclepias verticillata <br />Whorled milkweed <br />Summer/Fall <br />X <br />Chelone glabra <br />White turtlehead <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Echinacea angustifolia <br />Narrow -leaved purple coneflower <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Helianthus maximiliani <br />Maximilian sunflower <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Helianthus pauciflorus <br />Stiff sunflower <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Heliopsis helianthoides <br />Common oxeye <br />Summer/Fall <br />Heterotheca villosa <br />Prairie goldenaster <br />Summer/Fall <br />Liatris aspera <br />Rough blazing star <br />Summer/Fall <br />X <br />Liatris cylindracea <br />Cylindric blazing star <br />Summer/Fall <br />X <br />Liatris punctata <br />Dotted blazing star <br />Summer/Fall <br />X <br />Pycnanthemum virginianum <br />Virginia mountain mint <br />Summer/Fall <br />X <br />Solidago flexicaulis <br />Zigzag goldenrod <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Solidago nemoralis <br />Gray goldenrod <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Solidago ptarmicoides <br />Upland goldenrod <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Solidago rigida <br />Stiff goldenrod <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Solidago speciosa <br />Showy goldenrod <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Symphyotrichum ericoides <br />Heath aster <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Symphyotrichum laeve <br />Smooth blue aster <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Symphyotrichum novae-angliae <br />New England aster <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Symphyotrichum oolentangiense <br />Sky-blue aster <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Symphyotrichum sericeum <br />Silky aster <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Symphyotrichum urophyllum <br />Arrow -leaved aster <br />Summer/Fall <br />XX <br />Long -Term Maintenance <br />No herbicide should be applied for the duration of the first year after planting. Remove any <br />unwanted weeds or grasses as they appear. Hand pulling of weeds is an effective strategy for <br />smaller plantings. This is often most effective after rainfall when weeds are easier to pull. Any <br />significant leaf litter accumulation on the edges of prairie sites should be removed. Prescribed <br />burning is often initiated the third year after planting and can help to maintain diversity and to <br />control woody species. Subdivide the tallgrass prairie into two halves and in the early spring of <br />every second year rotate conducting controlled burns on one of the halves of the tallgrass <br />prairie along with two of the four portions of new, mixed grass prairie to promote floral diversity <br />and minimize impact to pollinators and other small animals dependent on these prairie <br />ecosystems. Patchy burns are ideal to provide areas of refuge. In a year following a burn, <br />conduct a dormant mow in early spring on the sites that were burned at a cutting height of at <br />least 8 inches if possible.3, 13, 14, 16, 18 <br />15 <br />