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Handbook for Playground Safety <br />attentive supervision than older children; however, one <br />should not rely on supervision alone to prevent injuries. <br />Supervisors should understand the basics of playground safe- <br />ty such as: <br />• Checking for broken equipment and making sure children <br />don't play on it. <br />• Checking for and removing unsafe modifications, especial- <br />ly ropes tied to equipment, before letting children play. <br />• Checking for properly maintained protective surfacing. <br />• Making sure children are wearing foot wear. <br />• Watching and stopping dangerous horseplay, such as chil- <br />dren throwing protective surfacing materials, jumping <br />from heights, etc. <br />• Watching for and stopping children from wandering away <br />from the play area. <br />2.3 Selecting Equipment <br />When selecting playground equipment, it is important to <br />know the age range of the children who will be using the <br />playground. Children at different ages and stages of develop- <br />ment have different needs and abilities. Playgrounds should <br />be designed to stimulate children and encourage them to <br />develop new skills, but should be in scale with their sizes, <br />abilities, and developmental levels. Consideration should <br />also be given to providing play equipment that is accessible <br />to children with disabilities and encourages integration with- <br />in the playground. <br />Table 1 shows the appropriate age range for various pieces of <br />playground equipment. This is not an all -comprehensive list <br />and, therefore, should not limit inclusion of current or newly <br />designed equipment that is not specifically mentioned. For <br />equipment listed in more than one group, there may be some <br />modifications or restrictions based on age, so consult the <br />specific recommendations in §5.3. <br />TABLE 1. AGE APPROPRIATE EQUIPMENT <br />Toddler —Under 2 <br />• Climbing equipment under 32" <br />high <br />• Ramps <br />• Single file step ladders <br />• Slides* <br />• Spiral slides less than 360° <br />• Spring rockers <br />• Stairways <br />• Swings with full bucket seats <br />Preschool — Ages 2-5 <br />• Certain climbers** <br />• Horizontal ladders less than or <br />equal to 60" high for ages 4 and <br />5 <br />• Merry-go-rounds <br />• Ramps <br />• Rung ladders <br />• Single file step ladders <br />• Slides* <br />• Spiral slides up to 360° <br />• Spring rockers <br />• Stairways <br />• Swings — belt, full bucket seats <br />(2-4 years) & rotating tire <br />111,111 <br />0"� <br />Grade School — Ages 5-12 <br />• Arch climbers <br />• Chain or cable walks <br />• Free standing climbing events <br />with flexible parts <br />• Fulcrum seesaws <br />• Ladders — Horizontal, Rung, & <br />Step <br />• Overhead rings*** <br />• Merry-go-rounds <br />• Ramps <br />• Ring treks <br />• Slides* <br />• Spiral slides more than one <br />360° turn <br />• Stairways <br />• Swings — belt & rotating tire <br />• Track rides <br />• Vertical sliding poles <br />• See §5.3.6 <br />** See §5.3.2 <br />*** See §5.3.2.5 <br />7 <br />