Agenda - Council - 09/14/2021 - Laserfiche WebLink

Home

the Mississippi River. The sands in these areas are course in texture near the river and become increasingly finer in texture the further the distance from the river. In various places, it is underlain by strata of calcareous gravel, which was representative of what was found during the current archaeological survey (Grimes 1968). The project area is comprised of Anoka loamy fine sand, Nymore loamy sand, Nymore loamy sand, and Nymore loamy coarse sand. The Anoka loamy fine sand series consists of well drained soils on 0 to 2 percent slopes found on outwash plains. The typical soil profile consists of loamy fine sand from 0 to 20 inches, followed by fine sand from 20 to 152 inches. The Nymore loamy sand series consists of excessively drained soils found on 0 to 12 percent slopes on stream terraces. The typical soil profile consists of loamy sand from 0 to 66 inches, followed by sand from 66 to 152 inches. The Nymore loamy coarse sand series consists of excessively drained soils found on 12 to 25 percent slopes on stream terraces. The typical soil profile for the series reflects that of the Nymore loamy sand series (NRCS 2021). 3.2 Regional Flora and Fauna Vegetation in the area at the time of Euro-American settlement consisted of Big Wood species in both the south and west portions of the region. Most specifically, the trees were deciduous hardwood species, primarily oak, mixed with deciduous -coniferous forest in the northern part of the region (Anfinson 1990) which also contained maple, basswood, and hickory. As Euro- American settlers moved through the area and cleared portions of forest, prairie land became more abundant. White-tailed deer, bison, elk, beaver, bear, prairie chickens, and a variety of fish and waterfowl would have been commonly available resources (Anfinson 1990). Specific to the site area, the majority of the trees on the sand plain consisted of bur oak and northern pin oak, as well as mixed hardwoods which grow in areas of glacial till, specifically in the areas where the Hayden soil series is prominent (Grimes 1968). Large areas of hardwoods invaded areas of native grasses in the outwash plains along the Mississippi River. The Hubbard series discussed above developed in these areas. 4.0 CULTURAL HISTORY The Minnesota State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) has developed statewide contexts examining Minnesota's Prehistoric through recent past. These contexts are laid out on the Minnesota Archaeological Site Form (Minnesota Office of the State Archaeologist 2016). Generally, they describe the history of the state and assist in predicting where specific types of sites may occur. Native American contexts are commonly divided into three major traditions: Paleoindian, Archaic, and Woodland. Late Woodland is further subdivided into Plains Village, Mississippian, and Oneota Traditions. These divisions are based on significant changes in how these communities lived, with a special focus on subsistence strategies. Historic contexts are generally divided into Contact and Post -Contact periods. The Contact period begins with early European exploration and Phase I Archaeological Survey of Trott Brook Property Ramsey, Anoka County, Minnesota Nienow Cultural Consultants, LLC 6