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5.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Four previously identified archaeological sites and one alpha site are located within two miles of the project area (Table 1). Alpha sites are versions of archaeological sites which have been reported as potential sites based on mentions in literature, historic mapping(i.e. the 1874 Andreas Atlas), or by individuals reporting casually finding cultural materials; these sites have yet to be field verified through systematic archaeological research and survey. SHPO has no recorded historical structures within the project area. Table 1. Previously Identified Archaeological Sites Within Two Miles Site Site Cultural Miles from Number Site Name Description Affiliation Project Area TRS T32N,R25W, SW 21AN0156 Trott Brook 1 Artifact Scatter Pre-Contact: 0.04 1/4 of SE 1/4 of NE 1/4 Woodland of NW 1/4 of S 10 T32N,R25W, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4 of NE 1/4 21AN0158 Trott Brook III Habitation Pre-Contact 0.08 of SE 1/4 and NE 1/4 of SW 1/4 of NE 1/4 of SE 1/4 of S9 T32N,R25W, SE 21AN0157 Trott Brook II Single Artifact Pre-Contact 0.1 1/4 o NE 1/4 of NE 1/4 of SE 1/4 of S9 st T32N,R25W.NE Brook Knoll 21AN0149 Demer noll Single Artifact Pre-Contact 0.27 1/4 of SE 1/4 of SW 1/4 of SE 1/4 of S3 T32N,R25W,NW 21ANy - Human Burial Pre-Contact 1.58 1/4 of SW 1/4 of NW 1/4ofS12 The three nearest sites,21 AN0156,21 AN 1057,and 21AN0158 were all identified during the same archaeological survey completed by Archaeological Research Services in 2003.NCC acquired and reviewed the report for the survey, titled "Report on Cultural Resource Reconnaissance Survey Conducted for Proposed Trott Brook Estates Development, City of Ramsey, Anoka County, Minnesota" (Harrison 2003). This survey was completed immediately south of the current project area for the housing development standing there today. The above-mentioned sites were identified through a combination of surface survey and shovel testing. Site 21 AN0156 (Trott Brook 1) consists of three grit-tempered cord-marked ceramic body sherds and a secondary flake of Prairie du Chien (PDQ chert located 20-30 centimeters below surface (cmbs) (Figures 3 and 4). While the presence of the grit-tempered and cord-marked ceramics indicates this was a Woodland Period habitation site, the low frequency of artifacts indicates the period of occupation was likely slight. Site 21AN0157 (Trott Brook II) was identified through surface survey and consists of an isolated broken tip of a PDC projectile point located on a cultivated crest overlooking Trott Brook (Figure 5). Site 21AN0158 (Trott Brook III) was also identified in a cultivated field during surface survey and consists of a grindstone fragment and secondary quartz flake (Figure 6). Shovel testing was completed at nine-meter intervals at and around all surface finds for 21 AN015 7 and 21 AN015 8, and all shovel tests were sterile for cultural materials. Phase I Archaeological Survey of Trott Brook Property 10 Ramsey,Anoka County,Minnesota Nienow Cultural Consultants, LLC