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soils; spillage of toxic materials such as fuels or paints can be fatal for <br /> trees. <br /> D. Trunk and crown disturbances are generally mechanical in nature and are either <br /> caused directly by clearing and grading machinery or indirectly by debris being <br /> cleared and falling into trees marked for protection. <br /> 1. Common forms of damage include stripped bark and cambium, split <br /> trunks and broken limbs. <br /> 2. Damage also occurs from the posting of signs such as building permits or <br /> survey markers on trees. <br /> 3. Indirect damage can be caused by the placement of burn holes or debris <br /> fires too close to trees. The possible range of damages include scorched <br /> trunks with some cambial dieback, the loss of foliage due to evaporative <br /> heat stress (leaf desiccation) and completely burned trunks and crowns. <br /> VI. Methods of Tree Protection. <br /> A. Planning and Considerations. Tree space is the most critical factor in tree <br /> protection throughout the development process. The root system of trees can <br /> easily extend beyond the dripline of the tree canopy. The root system within the <br /> dripline region is generally considered to be the critical root zone. Disturbance <br /> within this zone can directly affect a tree's chances. With reference to root <br /> zones, the following standards shall apply: <br /> 1. The use of tree save islands and stands is encouraged rather than the <br /> protection of individual trees scattered throughout a site. This will <br /> facilitate ease in overall site organization as related to tree protection. <br /> 2. The protective zone of significant trees or stands of trees or otherwise <br /> designated tree save areas shall include no less than the total area <br /> beneath the tree(s) canopy as defined by the farthest canopy dripline of <br /> the tree(s). In some instances, the NRT or their designee may require a <br /> protective zone in excess of the area defined by the tree's dripline. <br /> 3. Layout of the project site utility and grading plans shall accommodate the <br /> required tree protection zones. Utilities must be placed along corridors <br /> between tree protective zones. <br /> 4. Construction site activities such as parking, material storage, concrete <br /> washout, hole placement, etc., shall be arranged so as to prevent <br /> disturbances within tree protective zones. <br /> 5. No disturbance shall occur within the protective zone of the specimen <br /> trees or stands of trees without prior approval by the NRT or their <br /> designee. <br /> 7 <br />