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<br /> <br />Exhibit 1 <br /> <br />1. Invasive exotic trees are common in much of Ramsey. This is a problem <br />throughout the Twin Cities metropolitan area. The large numbers of Siberian elms <br />were a bit of a surprise. <br />2. Over-planted in much of Minnesota's communities, green ash is arguably <br />underutilized to date. <br />3. Oaks that grow well on the sandy soils of Ramsey are not found too frequently <br />either as regeneration or young plantings. <br />4. Red pine, despite its prominence as our State Tree and success as a component in <br />the Ramsey urban forest, may be over utilized here. Jack pine, common on <br />northern portions of the Anoka Sand Plain, might make an appropriate substitute. <br />5. American elms can still be found as a dominant tree in some locations, but the <br />abundance of Siberian elms that can harbor Dutch elm disease may pose a threat <br />to our native elms. <br />6. Red maple was once a common understory tree in the fire-dependent ecosystems <br />native to Anoka County but is not very common at this time. <br />7. Similarly, paper birch is likely not as common as it was prior to development. <br />8. As with many Minnesota communities, Colorado blue spruce is over planted. <br />9. Basswood and linden species could be used more often though judiciously. <br />10. Hackberry is probably underutilized at this point in time. <br /> <br /> <br />In order to draw valid conclusions and recommendations about the City's urban forest, <br />further study is warranted. Because the City has the most control over its own properties, <br />studies performed there can produce recommendations that can more easily be put into <br />action and effect change. Inventories could be made within City road right-of-ways, <br />within City parks and on other City-owned land. Such and inventory might likely include <br />as this survey did, a combination of plot sampling in larger forested areas and complete <br />tree inventories along City streets and mowed areas of parks and other public spaces. <br /> <br />Studies of private properties may not produce "scientific" or unbiased results. With the <br />need to gain permission to access properties to perform the necessary work, the total pool <br />of positive responses may be contain some form of bias and result in a sample that is not <br />representative of the whole of Ramsey's privately-owned urban forest. Surveys of <br />properties that do not require permission (i. e. drive by inspections) may not produce the <br />level of detail necessary to draw solid conclusions and would be difficult to compare to <br />more detailed surveys of City-owned lands. <br /> <br />We encourage the City to entertain the idea of future surveys of its urban forest. Whether <br />the end is to guide development away from high quality natural resources, restore <br />degraded natural resources, protect the diversity of the urban forest or to have an <br />aesthetically pleasing, sustainable and low-maintenance street or park tree population <br />more information gathered from a broader reach of the urban forest will be necessary. <br /> <br />Kunde Co., Inc. <br /> <br />Page 9 <br /> <br />12/4/2006 <br />