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and small utility vehicles - are used year-round Interest- <br />ingly, the cost of maintenance is not much different. The <br />cost for fuel is higher, with more vehicles being operated, <br />but it was a negligible hit on the budget. We ended up with <br />more vehicles doing more work and it worked more effi- <br />ciently.'' <br /> [n another example, park operations assessed the use of <br />three larger tractors with belly mowers. Based on the analy- <br />sis the park bought one 14-foot mowing unit and a smaller <br />tractor that has a cab, a push blade for snow and a belly <br />mower. <br /> "For the same amount of money we're down one unit <br />but we can actually do more - they're faster and we have . <br />two operators rather than three," says Dice. "The third guy's <br />out doing things we always wanted to do but couldn't get to <br />before because he was on the tractor cutting grass." <br /> Not everything is plugged into the system and spit out <br />for evaluation. You still have to do some things the old-fash- <br />ioned way. <br /> <br />"'What works best is allowing the <br /> individual emplo e e' to chart a <br /> career path with training. <br /> <br /> An example of this is the park's "grow, no mow" pro- <br />gram, where many of areas are passed over by the mowers. <br />Dice points out that national parks like Glacier and <br />Yellowstone do very little, if any, mowing in comparison to <br />their total acreage. <br /> Cleveland Metroparks decided to import this theory on <br />a smaller scale, realizing that the aesthetics of a national park <br />where wildlife is king is different than a regional, urban/sub- <br />urban park. <br /> <br /> In some cases they <br />had to go back and mow <br />some areas, but overall <br />the program cut down on <br />mowing, saving time and <br />ultimately money. <br /> "That was a little bit <br />of a tough transition at <br />first, but the time the <br />guys formerly spent <br />mowing they could <br />instead fix that shelter <br />roof or trail you've been <br />trying to get to," says <br />Dice. "It wasn't just a <br />save -money-and-labor <br />situation, it was also a <br /> <br />way we could improve natural resources." <br /> In the same way, park operations created a trails initia- <br />tive where the park manager, natural resources manager, <br />outdoor education and visitor services regularly meet to look <br />at the trail system. They also meet with user groups to see if <br />they want to keep or eliminate the trail, and to figure out at <br />what level they want to maintain it based on their minimum <br />operational standards. <br /> These minimum operational standards are different than <br />typical maintenance standards, which are often couched in <br />more how-to guidelines, as in, fix this that way, clean this <br />that way, and so on. Minimal operational standards plug into <br />a management system in measurable quantities. <br /> <br />The Standard <br /> "A minimal operational standard might say for every <br />120 people who go in the door we're going to clean the rest <br />room, so we count how many people go through the door," <br /> explains Dice. "We know it takes 30 <br /> minutes to clean a rest room and we <br /> know we have 720 people day, so that <br /> means si~ rest room cleanings per day, <br /> so you need one and half people to <br /> clean rest rooms. Minimal operational <br /> standards say you're going to do it this <br /> often, but you need this many people <br /> to do it with, which will bleed over <br /> into budgets." <br /> The establishment of minimal <br /> operational standards effectively allo- <br /> cates supplies, staff and tools. So, in the <br /> rest room example, if the resources <br /> aren't there to handle it you have to <br /> reduce your cleanings, then figure out <br /> the effect of that. [t also gives park <br /> managers an idea of what to achieve. <br /> Twice a year, park operations does <br /> a full facility inspection and is creating <br /> regular 12-month maintenance books <br /> based on the inspections. Once enough <br /> <br /> <br />