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Like paved runways, parallel taxiways enhance the operational chazacteristics of an airport, provide additional airfield capacity, and improve the airfield's overall safety., All reliever system airports have adequate taxiways for their existing wnfigurations. It is recommended that all runway extensions and new runway construction include pazallel taxiways. (2) Navigationai_ and Vista! tAd Requirement The analysis of navigational aid (NAVAID) and visual aid requirement for the reliever airports was based oa FAA recommendations asdescribed in I)OT/FAA Handbook 7031.A, "Airway Planning Standazd Number One." Although an airport may qualify for instrumentation or runway lighting, actual implementation of specific recommendations may be restricted by physical or em+ironmental constraint. NAVAIDs serve two primary functions. They provide approaching aircraft precision guidance to a specific runway end and/or they provide nonprecision guidance to a runway or the airport itelf. A precision NAVAID provides electronic descent, .alignment (course), and guidance information, while a nonprecision NAVAID provides only alignment and position information. The necessity to provide either precision or nonprecision or both capabilities at an airport is usually determined by design standards based on safety considerations and airport operational needs. The type, mission, and volume of aeronautical activity in association with meteorological, airspace, and capacity data are the factors used to determine an airport's NAVAID requirement. ~ Airport lighting greatly enhances airport utilization and safety. For nighttime operations, an airport should at a minimum have a lighted wind direction indicator, runway lights, and a rotating beacon. A number of visual aids aze available to assist is locating a runway at night or during periods of reduced visibility. In general, lighting and NAVAIDs vary by airport type/category. V42