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• This is when a Council of Governments or some similar organization crossing traditional political lines can perform a real service by lending a helping hand. Numerous techniques have been devised for defining areas affected by an airport's operations. The one which is felt to offer the most promise, however, is the delineation of noise contours by either NEF or CNR methodologies, preferably the former. For plan- ning purposes, contours should be developed for as far into the future as is possible. Arguments can be presented that long-range forecasts such as these are highly speculative and may later prove erroneous. Such arguments can be countered though by point- ing out that these contours are only guidelines for planning purposes and that in later years, if circum- stances change, the contours can be modified as neces- sary. This is in line with the concept that planning should be a continuous process. Once NEF (CNR) NEE Values contours have been developed for the airport, all those land areas falling within NEF zones >20 should be planned for, with particular attention being given to those areas having NEF values >30. After NEF (CNR) contours have been developed for areas in the vicinity of the airport, land uses can be planned based on the degree of adversity of noise effects. Special attention should be paid to noise con- tours close to the airport where they may take ir- regular shapes due to runway and traffic pattern configurations. Careful analysis may reveal pockets of less intensive noise adversity, where land is avail- able for development of noise sensitive facilities. These will be choice locations because of their close- ness to airport business activities. The following table indicates appropriate land uses in the vicinity of an airport. TABLE 3.—Land uses adjacent to airports (based on NEF or CNR noise contours) CNR CNR Zone Remarks 20-30 90-100 1 Few activities will be affected by aircraft sounds, although building designs for especially sound sensitive activities such as auditoriums. churches, schools, hospitals, and theatres should consider sound control in areas closest to the airport. Detailed studies by qualified personnel are recommended for outdoor amphitheatres and like places of public assembly in the general vicinity of the airport. 30-40 100-115 2 Activities where uninterrupted communication is essential should consider sound exposure in design. Generally, residential development is not considered a suit- able use although multi -family developments where sound control features have been incorporated in building design might be considered. Open-air activities and outdoor living will be affected by aircraft sound. The construction of audi- toriums, schools, churches, hospitals, and theatres and like activities should be avoided within this zone where possible. > 40 > 115 3 Land should be reserved for activities that can tolerate a high level of sound ex- posure such as some agricultural, industrial, and commercial uses. No residential developments of any type are recommended. Sound sensitive activities such as schools, offices, hospitals, churches, and like activities should not be constructed in this area unless no alternative location is possible. MI regularly occupied structures should consider sound control in design. 63. A Land Use Planning Approach. a. Concurrent with the delineation of the noise exposure areas, a survey of ]and use and related data is needed to provide the basis for an assessment of the noise impact and possible solutions. Things to be determined include: (1) Number and kinds of properties, indicating the noise sensitivity of the respective land uses; (2) Number and types of structures; (3) (4) Number and characteristics of people; and Value of residential and other noise sensi- tive properties. Special attention should be given to especially sensitive uses such as schools and hospitals. b. Analyses should also consider the impact of reuse (renewal) of land in the affected environs, with specific respect to: (1) Economic impact as it relates to employ- ment patterns and tax base; 47