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g. Page 26 AC 150/5300-4B CHG 3 12/5/78 a. Site Clearing. Site clearing should be analyzed from the standpoint of removing all objects (trees, buildings, powerlines, etc.) that may affect airplane operations (see Chapter 5). This often requires clearing both the landing area and the runway approaches. b. Soil Survey. A preliminary soils survey is conducted to evaluate soils to approximate their classification in accordance with the FAA method for classifying soils. This method is described in Advisory Circular 150/5320-6, Airport Pavement Design and Evaluation. This will involve field investigation and office research of available data. c. Drainage. Preliminary drainage investigation must determine the general limits of all drainage areas which affect the airport site, including tributary areas beyond the airport boundary. The maximum rainfall expected once in 5 years is generally recommended for estimating runoff for airports. A detailed discussion of this factor is contained in Advisory Circular 150/5320-5, Airport Drainage. d. Grading. Preliminary grading layout, based upon a reasonably balanced runway profile, should allow a general estimate of the cubic yards of earth that must be moved for cut and fill and borrow operations. The maximum and minimum allowable transverse and longitudinal slopes for the airport will greatly restrict the possibilities for alternate grading schemes.. Further, the drainage system must be considered jointly with grading since each affects the design of the other. e. Paving. Pavement investigation includes a preliminary design of both the airport and access road pavements. It also requires determination of the availability and source of the various mate- rials to make up the pavement structure. With these data, an estimate of the cost for pavement construction can be made. Chapter 12 discusses this subject in more detail. f. Turfing. Turfing will usually provide the most economical means for protecting airport areas which are subject to wind or water erosion. Local conditions should dictate the choice of grass species for the turf. (The local office of the County Agent, Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service is available to assist in the selection of appropriate grasses.) :Airport Lighting. Preliminary layout of the airport lighting system should include the runway lights, visual approach slope indicators (VASI), lighted wind cone, ducts, controls, and air- port beacon. Advisory Circulars 150/5340-24, Runway and Taxiway Edge Lighting System,and 15075340-25, Visual- Approach Slope Indicator NAST) Systems, provide guidance for estimating the requirements of the Chap 6 Par 25