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THE ZONIl~Kl REPORT Page Four --- contributing t~o a public cash-in-lieu park- ing program to provide off-site parking; --- reducing the needed for parking standards for parkinI --- allowing alte: transpor.t to the wc and motorcycle. ize of parking lots and land by allowing reduced design ~ facilities; and ~native modes of commuter rk site such as by bicycle The standards for~ransit and staggered hours programs that quali~ly~, employers for the reduc- tions are established by local and regional transportation and ~ir pollution agencies. For carpool, vanpool a~d shuttle bus programs~ some zoning codes l~st basic qualifying require- ments. They require~ coordinator be appointed by the company to /work with state and local carpool/vanpool pro'rams, establish an active matching program t~o obtain pool users, and conduct an active p~ogram of promotion inside the company. The prlograms are reviewed annu- ally by the local z~ning or regional planning/ transportation of fiee~ Changes in physical idesign standards that re- duce the amount of ~ite area needed for park- ing include the follo~ving: Tandem parking spa-. ces might be aIlowe~for ail-day employees in restricted parking a~e_as, perhaps up to 20-50% of spaces provided, o, nly one space of two deep not having access t~o any aisle; ~.arking and loading facilities might share aisles, access and drives,, but required iparking spaces cannot be used for loading spa~e$ or maneuvering areas; smaller types of sp~.jcial vehicle spaces might be allowed or req~!ired--handicapped spaces must be provided, bu~ the required 4-ft access aisle can be shared ~y adjacent spaces or at- grade walkways, compact car spaces are allow- ed by most codes bu~, some recent codes have deleted them by reducing t~e size ~f all regu- ~ ~ ~-~om the did standard of 9x20 ft to 8-1/2 by 18-19 ft ~nd to 16-17 ft if a 2-ft overhang is allowed o~ver a curb or wheel stop. Motorcycle. spaces c~n substitute for regular spaces, at 6x9 ft p~r space, one motorcycle space for each 30-50i~regular car spaces. Reduction in the a~nount of parking needed might be encouragedIby some codes that re- quire .bicycle spaces to be provided. These spa- ces must be located near employee entrances from parking lots, perhaps no more. than 2-3 times the distance from the entrance to the nearest parking space. The number of bicycle spaces provided is equal to 2-10% of all spa- ces, as bicycle racks or as secure 2-3 ft x 6-8 ft spaces, with a 6 ft overhead clearance. Off-site. parking, code requirements might be modified for industrial applicants to allow a greater percentage of parking off-site of total parking required and to allow a greater maxi- mum distance of the off-site lot from the pri- mary use if shuttle service is provided by the employer. Many codes require that land on the site be reserved equal to the number of spaces deleted by these special parking reduction programs. Some codes allow phased development of park- ing areas for plants where employment or floor area is planned to be increased in phases in future years. 'The land reserved for future spa- ces is identified on the site plan in a location appropriate for parking facilities. Some~. codes allow industrial parking reduc- tions by deleting non-production floor and lot area from the calculation of floor area used to derive parking requirements. Floor area deleted includes cafeterias, lunch areas, assembly halls and training rooms closed to the public and used only by employees. For industrial uses proposing to occupy an e×- isting building, some zoning codes allow reduc- tions in required spaces as a consequence of local economic development polic~v. The new occupant of an existing site might provide only the number of parking spaces already on the site unless additional land is available or can be obtained to gain the remaining required parking spaces. Even if the previous occupant had failed to meet code parking requirements, ~he deficiency of the number of spaces requir- ed for the new occupant is waived. This relax- ed parking' standard allows a new occupant of a vacant industrial plant to replace the jobs lost. from the old occupant. August 19, 1994 issue