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shadow impacts
<br />mitigated through use
<br />of angular plane
<br />Transportation
<br />Practice Area
<br />Street network
<br />max. streetwall = 8
<br />of R.O.W. wi
<br />Potential Impacts
<br />Increased congestion,
<br />cut -through traffic, loss of
<br />privacy and sense of safety,
<br />increased stormwater runoff,
<br />urban heat island, and noise
<br />and odor
<br />rooftop garden provides o
<br />outdoor amenity space.
<br />® This illustration from
<br />a presentation about
<br />r
<br />� % Itransition to adjacent Barrie, Ontario's
<br />residential neighbourhood urban intensification
<br />r through use of angular plane
<br />guidelines shows how
<br />new buildings can be
<br />required to step back to
<br />create a softer transition
<br />to adjacent lower density
<br />development.
<br />Sample Approaches to
<br />Address Impacts
<br />Transportation improvement
<br />plans, street connectivity
<br />requirements, complete
<br />streets policies, street
<br />design standards, corridor
<br />improvement plans, alley
<br />design guidelines, light
<br />imprint or LID requirements,
<br />and traffic calming
<br />-techniques
<br />Transit network
<br />Increased congestion,
<br />loss of privacy and safety,
<br />changes to community
<br />character, and noise and
<br />odor
<br />Transit plans and facility
<br />siting and design guidelines
<br />Nonmotorized
<br />transportation network
<br />Increased congestion,
<br />changes to community
<br />character, decreased
<br />property values, increased
<br />stormwater runoff, and
<br />insufficient parking and
<br />loading space
<br />Nonmotorized facility plans,
<br />sidewalk requirements,
<br />on -site circulation
<br />requirements, light imprint
<br />or LID requirements, and
<br />nonmotorized facility siting
<br />and design guidelines
<br />Off-street parking and
<br />loading
<br />Increased congestion,
<br />insufficient parking and
<br />loading space, loss of
<br />privacy and sense of safety,
<br />increased stormwater
<br />runoff, urban heat island,
<br />and noise and odor
<br />Transportation demand
<br />management programs,
<br />shared parking incentives,
<br />light imprint or LID
<br />requirements, and off-
<br />street parking and loading
<br />requirements
<br />models emerges, for example the MXD traffic
<br />generation model developed specifically for
<br />mixed use development.
<br />Addressing Impacts
<br />The table on page 3 summarizes common
<br />infill-related impacts cited by neighborhoods
<br />and examples of policy and design options
<br />for mitigation. The table on page 5 takes a
<br />closer look at potential impacts and mitiga-
<br />tion techniques related to transportation
<br />infrastructure. These tables are intended to
<br />be a summary to show how policies can be
<br />assembled, but the suitability of a particular
<br />practice will depend on location -specific con-
<br />siderations. Likewise, planners should scru-
<br />tinize the specific design practices to make
<br />sure they do not undermine other objectives.
<br />For example, the desire to limit light may
<br />impinge on safety.
<br />Brook Mdlroy
<br />Process
<br />Neighborhoods will also have concerns
<br />related to the process of project approval.
<br />As cities seek incentives and streamlined
<br />processing for desired infill, neighborhoods
<br />often push back, seeking greater control
<br />and as many concessions as possible. The
<br />legal structure for obtaining and maintaining
<br />conditional approvals is important. Different
<br />communities rely on a wide range of tools,
<br />such as use permits, stipulations, exemp-
<br />tions, developer agreements, monitoring re-
<br />ports, and community benefits agreements.
<br />A nationwide database of development ap-
<br />proval processes would allow communities
<br />to compare their process against others.
<br />In some municipalities (e.g., Arlington
<br />County, Virginia, and Lawrence, Kansas)
<br />developers have the option of developing
<br />under the underlying zoning or choosing a
<br />parallel form -based code in order to obtain
<br />higher densities, a more valuable use mix,
<br />or other benefits. In exchange the neighbor-
<br />hoods can obtain amenities such as parks,
<br />better design and building materials, im-
<br />provements to drainage, and landscaping.
<br />Finally, communities will want to ad-
<br />dress management during the construction
<br />phase as part of an infill program. Because
<br />the construction phase can cause consid-
<br />erable disruption, zoning and planning
<br />departments need to carefully plan for con-
<br />struction, anticipate problems, and have
<br />a list of remedies. Neighbors will want en-
<br />forceable provisions to limit hours, noise,
<br />and dust. After project approval it is impor-
<br />tant to signal to developers and neighbors
<br />which kinds of variances to approved proj-
<br />ect plans are acceptable (e.g., minor modi-
<br />fications) and which are not (e.g., backing
<br />away from major commitments).
<br />Operations, Maintenance, and Enforcement
<br />While project approval is a major milestone,
<br />neighbors will be thinking about the long
<br />ZONINGPRACTICE 8.12
<br />AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION j page 5
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