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measure the brightness of LED billboards, so the viability of using this approach on billboards <br />has not been explored. <br />In Seattle, sign luminance was found too difficult to measure, so signs are visually inspected <br />when complaints from the public are received. Sign owners are then contacted and asked to <br />adjust sign luminance accordingly. <br />Both Mesa, Arizona and Lincoln, Nebraska have included a requirement for written certification <br />from the sign manufacturer that the light intensity has been preset not to exceed the illumination <br />levels established by their code, and the preset intensity level is protected from end user <br />manipulation by password protected software or other method approved by the appropriate city <br />official. This language appears to offer the advantage of ensuring that electronic signs, at a <br />minimum, cannot exceed a certain established level of brightness. <br />At a minimum, it is important for communities to require all electronic signs to be equipped with <br />a dimmer control. A requirement for both a dimmer control and a photo cell, which constantly <br />keeps track of ambient light conditions and adjusts sign brightness accordingly, is optimal. <br />Over time, the LEDs used in electronic signs have a tendency to lose some of their intensity, and <br />an owner may choose to have the sign adjusted and calibrated, which involves adjusting the level <br />of electrical current in a manner that affects the brightness of the sign. This occurs over the <br />course of two or three years. Having maximum nit levels established would ensure that the sign <br />company has upper limits to work with as far as adjusting the sign is concerned. <br />4.3 Public Review <br />Most communities establish rules within their sign code and do not create opportunities for <br />electronic signs to be approved through conditional use permits or special use permits. Some <br />communities with special overlay districts, or areas that are oriented toward entertainment and <br />night life, have established a review process for electronic signs, or for various functions of <br />electronic signs such as animation and video. <br />Other communities take the opposite approach, where they allow electronic signs with no <br />controls whatsoever, except in certain special areas, such as a historic overlay district, or a <br />historic downtown district, where the signs are prohibited. Each community needs to tailor their <br />application of electronic signs to meet their needs. <br />As of the writing of this report, no ordinances have been discovered that have a special review <br />committee just for the purpose of electronic signs. Typically, sign regulations established in the <br />zoning ordinance would be reviewed in accordance with existing review and approval processes. <br />As with other development features, dynamic signage should be either prohibited, permitted, or <br />conditional depending upon the zoning district and/or the specific features of the sign as <br />established within the city's regulations (i.e. size, specific location with respect to the adjacent <br />roadway, zoning district, proximity of sensitive uses). The recommended review process for <br />permitted dynamic signs should be the same as procedures already in place for administrative <br />24 <br />