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54 <br />planning. Costs include planning and design, capital costs, operation and maintenance costs, and <br />costs to monitor and report compliance with regulatory requirements. <br />Going forward, these costs are expected to increase. The American Water Works Association and <br />others have documented that water and wastewater infrastructure in North America - including <br />Minnesota - is aging and that many communities and wastewater treatment providers must <br />significantly increase their levels of investment in its repair and rehabilitation to protect public health <br />and safety and to maintain environmental standards. <br />Public water suppliers, wastewater utilities, community planners, and elected officials stress the need <br />for financial support for infrastructure changes to achieve sustainable solutions. Some examples of <br />challenges include: <br />• Rebuilding and building new infrastructure <br />• Mitigating the revenue impact of decreased water demand, due to water conservation, on existing <br />systems <br />• Addressing the need for more intense monitoring and treatment in systems with mixed water <br />sources <br />• Lack of reliable and adequate funding sources for implementing many stormwater reuse <br />opportunities <br />The 2015 Drinking Water Revolving Loan Fund Project Priority List illustrates the scope of the need; <br />the list includes requests from eight metropolitan communities for over $67 million dollars to support <br />water supply infrastructure improvements. <br />To provide water supply services, public water suppliers also use a variety of rate structures. A 2015 <br />survey of public water suppliers documents the range of rate structures, provides information about <br />how rates among communities compare, and investigates the impact that rates have on water use <br />(Metropolitan Council, 2015d). When water rates in the metro area are normalized to one another, the <br />monthly household bill ranges from $8.60 to $123.31, with an average of $29.10. <br />For comparison, the monthly average retail rate per household for wastewater service in the Twin <br />Cities metro area was $18.00 in 2011. <br />There is evidence that higher monthly water bills are correlated to lower residential per capita water <br />use (Figure 26). <br />WATER SUPPLY MASTER <br />PLAN- Draft June 2015 <br />