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that may need corrective action or be cause for rejection. The Contractor shall inform the <br />Engineer of any defects discovered and the Engineer will prescribe the required corrective <br />actions or order rejection. <br />Immediately before placement, the joint surfaces of each pipe section and fitting shall be <br />inspected for the presence of foreign matter, coating blisters, rough edges or projections, and <br />any imperfections so detected shall be corrected by cleaning, trimming, or repair as needed. <br />A2 Pipe Laying Operations <br />Trench excavation and bedding preparations shall proceed ahead of pipe placement as will <br />permit proper laying and joining of the units at the prescribed grade and alignment without <br />unnecessary deviation or hindrance. <br />All foreign matter or dirt shall be removed from the inside of the pipe and fittings before they are <br />lowered into position in the trench and they shall be kept clean. The sewer materials shall be <br />carefully lowered into laying position by the use of suitable restraining devices. Under no <br />circumstances shall the pipe be dropped into the trench. <br />Unless otherwise permitted by the Engineer, bell and spigot pipe shall be laid with the bell ends <br />facing upgrade and the laying shall start on the downgrade end and proceed upgrade. As each <br />length of bell and spigot pipe is placed in laying position, the spigot end shall be centered in the <br />bell and the pipe forced home and brought to correct line and grade. The pipe shall be secured <br />in place with approved backfill material. <br />Connection of pipe to existing lines or previously constructed manholes or catch basins shall be <br />accomplished as shown in the Plans or as otherwise approved by the Engineer. Where <br />necessary to make satisfactory closure or produce the required curvature, grade or alignment. <br />deflections at joints shall not exceed that which will assure watertight joints and shall comply <br />with the pipe manufacturer recommendations. <br />Entrance of foreign matter into pipeline openings shall be prevented at all times to the extent <br />that suitable plugs or covering can be kept in place over the openings without interfering with <br />the installation operations. <br />Installation of thermoplastic pipe shall conform to ASTM D-2321; FRP/GRP pipe to ASTM <br />D3839, and the manufacturers' recommendations; ASTM A798 for CS pipe. <br />A3 Connection and Assembly of Joints <br />All pipe and fitting joints shall fit tightly and be fully closed. Spigot ends shall be marked as <br />necessary to indicate the point of complete closure. All joints shall be soil tight and watertight in <br />all sanitary sewer and storm sewer pipe. <br />A4 Bulkheading Open Pipe Ends <br />All pipe and fitting ends left open for future connection shall be bulkheaded by approved <br />methods prior to backfilling. Unless otherwise specified or approved, all openings of twenty four <br />inches (24") in diameter or less shall be closed off with prefabricated plugs or caps and all <br />openings larger than twenty four inches (24") in diameter shall be closed off with masonry <br />bulkheads. <br />Page 47 <br />