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0 A small fleet of Volvo 78o semis converted into self -driving trucks by Uber subsidiary Otto, parked at the company's <br />headquarters in San Francisco. <br />will be increased demand for edge -of -the - <br />street drop-off and pick-up areas. That may <br />require rethinking of some complete street <br />designs or not allowing AV drop-offs or pick- <br />ups on some street frontages. <br />Permitted Building Forms and Dimensions <br />In contrast to the potentially significant <br />impacts on parking, staging, and street <br />edges discussed above, the introduction of <br />AVs may not have equally significant impacts <br />on building forms and dimensions. The <br />potential impacts include <br />• less building square footage devoted to in - <br />or under -building parking garages; <br />• more ground floor building area devoted • <br />to drop-off/pick-up areas; and <br />• in those communities that regulate <br />density by floor -area ratio (FAR), more <br />available FAR being used for business as <br />opposed to parking uses, which could <br />mean higher occupancy of the building, <br />more commuting to and from the build- <br />ing, and a need to rethink what levels of <br />FAR can be supported by the streets and <br />public transit system. <br />In short, the introduction of AVs is <br />unlikely to require significant redesign of <br />the types of buildings demanded by the <br />private sector in the short run. The changing <br />demands for building form and design are <br />more likely to be driven by macroeconomic <br />trends, such as declining demand for <br />brick -and -mortar retail, significant unmet <br />demands for affordable housing, declining <br />space devoted to each office or back -office <br />worker, rising demands for services for our <br />aging population, and declining industrial <br />employment throughout the U.S. While basic <br />building forms may not change, however, <br />there will be impacts on needed uses of <br />buildings and land. <br />Permitted Land Uses <br />Since the U.S. building stock changes slowly <br />over time —almost all the buildings that will <br />exist 10 years from now are already here — <br />many changes in land -use demand need to <br />be accommodated within our existing land <br />ZONINGPRACTICE 12.17 <br />AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION [page 6 <br />