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NOTE 11— OTHER POST -EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS PLAN (CONTINUED) <br />Annual required contribution $ 54,248 <br />Interest on net OPEB obligation 23,175 <br />Adjustment to annual required contribution (20,105) <br />Annual OPN'.H cost (expense) 57,318 <br />Contributions made (6,838) <br />Increase in net OPEB obligation 50,480 <br />Net OPEB obligation - beginning ofyear 515,011 <br />Net OPEB obligation - end ofyear $ 565,491 <br />The City's annual OPEB cost, the percentage of annual OPEB cost contributed to the plan, and the net <br />OPEB obligation for the past three years are as follows: <br />Fiscal Year Annual Plan Sponsor Annual OPEB Net OPEB <br />Ended OPEB Cost Contribution Cost Contributed Obligation <br />December 31, 2015 $ 65,577 $ 10,560 16% $ 459,572 <br />December 31, 2016 $ 55,439 $ 0% $ 515,011 <br />December 31, 2017 $ 57,318 $ 6,838 12% $ 565,491 <br />D. Funded Status and Funding Progress <br />As of January 1, 2016, the most recent actuarial valuation date, the actuarial accrued liability for benefits <br />and the unfunded actuarial accrued liability (UAAL) was $368,949 as the plan is unfunded. The covered <br />payroll (annual payroll of active employees covered by the plan) was $5,019,000, and the ratio of the UAAL <br />to the covered payroll was 7%. <br />Actuarial valuations of an ongoing plan involve estimates of the value of reported amounts and assumptions <br />about the probability occurrence of events far into the future. Examples include assumptions about future <br />employment, mortality, and the healthcare cost trend. Amounts determined regarding the funded status of <br />the plan and ARC's of the employer are subject to continual revision as actual results are compared with <br />past expectations and new estimates are made about the future. The Schedule of Funding Progress <br />immediately following the notes to basic financial statements presents multi -year trend information about <br />whether the actuarial value of plan assets is increasing or decreasing over time relative to the actuarial <br />accrued liabilities for benefits. <br />E. Actuarial Methods <br />Projections of benefits for financial reporting purposes are based on the substantive plan (the plan as <br />understood by the employer and the plan members) and include the types of benefits provided at the time <br />of each valuation and the historical pattern of sharing of benefit costs between the employer and plan <br />members to that point. The actuarial methods and assumptions used include techniques that are designed <br />to reduce the effects of short-term volatility in actuarial accrued liabilities and the actuarial value of assets, <br />consistent with the long-term perspective of the calculations. <br />90 <br />