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TABLE OF CONTENTS <br />Page No. <br />1. Introduction 1 <br />1.1 Scope 1 <br />1.2 Intended Audience 1 <br />1.3 What is a Public Playground? 1 <br />1.4 Public Playground Safety Voluntary Standards and CPSC Handbook History 1 <br />1.4.1 ASTM playground standards 2 <br />1.5 Significant Revisions for 2008 2 <br />1.5.1 Equipment guidelines 2 <br />1.5.2 Surfacing guidelines 2 <br />1.5.3 General guidelines 2 <br />1.5.4 Other revisions 2 <br />1.6 Background 2 <br />1.7 Playground Injuries 3 <br />1.8 Definitions 3 <br />2 General Playground Considerations 5 <br />2.1 Selecting a Site 5 <br />2.1.1 Shading considerations 5 <br />2.2 Playground Layout 5 <br />2.2.1 Accessibility 6 <br />2.2.2 Age separation 6 <br />2.2.3 Conflicting activities 6 <br />2.2.4 Sight lines 6 <br />2.2.5 Signage and/or labeling 6 <br />2.2.6 Supervision 6 <br />2.3 Selecting Equipment 7 <br />2.3.1 Equipment not recommended 8 <br />2.4 Surfacing 8 <br />2.4.1 Equipment not covered by protective surfacing recommendations 8 <br />2.4.2 Selecting a surfacing material 8 <br />2.5 Equipment Materials 11 <br />2.5.1 Durability and finish 11 <br />2.5.2 Hardware 11 <br />2.5.3 Metals 12 <br />2.5.4 Paints and finishes 12 <br />2.5.5 Wood 12 <br />2.6 Assembly and Installation 12 <br />3 Playground Hazards 13 <br />3.1 Crush and Shearing Points 13 <br />3.2 Entanglement and Impalement 13 <br />3.2.1 Strings and ropes 13 <br />3.3 Entrapment 14 <br />3.3.1 Head entrapment 14 <br />3.3.2 Angles 15 <br />3.4 Sharp Points, Corners, and Edges 15 <br />3.5 Suspended Hazards 15 <br />3.6 Tripping Hazards 15 <br />3.7 Used Tires 16 <br />PUBLICATION #325 • APRIL 2008 <br />