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Table 3: Uncontrolled Crossing Treatments (in conjunction with markings and signs) <br />tnkoad <br />Ughts <br />• Decreases pedestrian crossing <br />distance • Provides higher pedestrian <br />visibility • Reduces vehicle speeds <br />pproaching the island • Reduces <br />conflicts • Increases usable gips. <br />Reduces pedestrian exposure time <br />• inexpensive • Provides higher pe- <br />destrian visibility • Highlights when a <br />pedestrian crossing is being used <br />• inexpensive • Provides higher pedes- <br />rian visibility to drivers assuming the <br />ag is held in a noticeable location <br />• Highlights a crossing both at night <br />and during the day <br />• Highlights a crossing both at night <br />nd during the day • Provides higher <br />driver awareness when a pedestrian is <br />present <br />P004 d <br />pedeii.044jahliiis: • Provides higher driver awareness <br />Signal Bentorig: when a pedestrian is present <br />- <br />• Provides higher driver awareness <br />when a pedestrian is present <br />• Provides higher driver awareness <br />when a pedestrian is present • In- <br />reases yielding percentage • Increas- <br />es usable gaps • Reduces probability of <br />pedestrian risk taking • Can be seen <br />from 360 degrees <br />• May make snow removal more <br />difficult • May be a hazard for <br />motorists *Small islands not <br />recommended on high-speed <br />roadways ( >40 mph) <br />• May require trained staff or <br />kcal law enforcement, especially <br />on high-speed and high -volume <br />roadways <br />• No effect at night • Requires <br />pedestrians to actively use a flag <br />• Can be easily removed/stolen <br />• Shorter crossings are preferred <br />• Requires pedestrian activation <br />• Minimal to no effect on speed <br />* Snowplows can cause mainte- <br />nance issues • No effect when <br />road surface is snow covered <br />• Requires pedestrian activation <br />• Requires pedestrian activation <br />• Not advisable on multilane <br />streets • Not shown to reduce <br />crashes <br />• Requires pedestrian activation <br />• Requires pedestrian activation <br />La <br />etglitaS <br />• Wide, two-lane roads and <br />multilane roads with suffi- <br />cient right-of-way <br />• At school locations <br />• Downtown/urban locations <br />• High pedestrian volume <br />locations • Across low -speed <br />(<45mph) roadways <br />• In conjunction with in -road <br />warning lights • Downtown/ NR <br />urban conditions <br />Variable <br />34% 29% depending <br />on length <br />NR <br />• Downtown/urban condi- <br />tions <br />• Low -speed school crossings <br />• Two-lane roads • Midblock <br />crossing locations <br />65% <br />NR <br />NR <br />86% Variable <br />74% <$500 <br />28% <br />66% <br />57% <br />(two-lane, <br />35mph) <br />$3,000— <br />Woo <br />$20,000— <br />$40,000 <br />$12,000— <br />$18,000 <br />• Multilane roadways <br />• Mid -block crossing Ioca- active 47% active 49% S75,000— <br />tions • Lower speed road- passive 31% passive 67% $150,000 <br />ways <br />• Supplement existing pedes- <br />trian crossing warning signs <br />• School crossings <br />• Midblock crossing loca- <br />tions • Low- and high-speed <br />roadways <br />NR = No research found on effect to yielding rate <br />84% <br />81% <br />$12,000— <br />$18,000 <br />