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Insulation boards shall be placed with the long dimension parallel to the centerline of the pipe. <br />Boards shall be placed in a single layer with tight joints. No continuous joints or seams shall be <br />placed directly over the pipe. If two (2) or more layers of insulation boards are used, each layer <br />shall be placed to cover the joints of the layer immediately below. <br />The Contractor shall exercise caution to ensure that all joints between boards are tight during <br />placement and backfilling with only extruded ends placed end to end or edge to edge. <br />Backfill material shall be placed in such a manner that construction equipment does not operate <br />directly on the insulation, and compacted with equipment which exerts a contact pressure of <br />less than eighty (80) psi. <br />E Pipeline Backfilling Operations <br />All pipeline excavations shall be backfilled to restore preexisting conditions as the minimum <br />requirement, and fulfill all supplementary requirements indicated in the Plans, Specifications, <br />and Special Provisions. The backfilling operations shall be started as soon as conditions will <br />permit on each section of pipeline, so as to provide continuity in subsequent operations and <br />restore normal public service as soon as practicable. All operations shall be pursued diligently, <br />with proper and adequate equipment, to assure acceptable results. <br />The backfilling shall be accomplished with the use of Suitable Materials selected from the <br />excavated materials to the extent available and practical. Should the materials available within <br />the trench section be unsuitable or insufficient, the required additional materials shall be <br />furnished from outside sources as provided in the Special Provisions, or as arranged otherwise <br />through supplemental agreement. <br />Backfill material selection shall be such as to make the best and fullest utilization of what is <br />available, taking into consideration particular needs of different backfill zones. Material <br />containing stone, rock, or chunks of any sort shall only be utilized where and to the extent there <br />will be no detrimental effects. Placement of backfill material containing stones, boulders, <br />chunks, greater than eight inches (8") in any dimension shall not be allowed. <br />All flexible pipe shall be bedded in accordance with ASTM Specification D2321, "Recommended <br />Practice for Underground Installation of Flexible Thermoplastic Sewer Pipe". Where existing <br />soils do not meet the requirements of bedding and encasement materials, the Contractor shall <br />furnish the required granular materials. Placement and compaction of bedding and encasement <br />materials around the pipe shall be considered incidental to the installation of the pipe. <br />Compaction of materials placed within the pipe bedding and encasement zones shall be <br />accomplished with portable or hand equipment methods, so as to achieve thorough <br />consolidation under and around the pipe and avoid damage to the pipe. Above the cover zone <br />material, the use of heavy roller type compaction equipment shall be limited to safe pipe <br />loading. <br />Backfill materials shall be carefully placed in uniform loose thickness layers up to twelve inches <br />(12") thick spread over the full width and length of the trench section to provide simultaneous <br />support on both sides of the pipeline. Granular backfill may be placed in layers up to twelve <br />inches (12") above an elevation one foot (1') above the top of the pipe <br />Page 15 <br />